Terminalia catappa, commonly known as Tropical Almond or Indian Almond, is a large deciduous tree that can grow up to 35 meters tall. It has an upright, symmetrical crown with horizontal branches arranged in tiers, while the leaves are large, ovoid, and glossy, turning red or yellow before falling. The tree produces small, white to greenish flowers, and the fruit is a drupe that turns from green to yellow or red when ripe. Native to tropical regions of Asia, Australia, the Pacific, Madagascar, and Seychelles, the tree thrives well in tropical and subtropical climates.
The Tropical Almond tree’s ecological significance extends beyond its physical characteristics, as it provides a valuable source of food and habitat for various wildlife species, including insects, birds, and mammals.
Habitat
Terminalia catappa is native to tropical regions of Asia, Australia, the Pacific, Madagascar, and Seychelles, and thrives well in tropical and subtropical climates.
Planting and Care
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Propagation: Propagated through seeds, which should be soaked in water overnight to soften the hard outer coating before sowing.
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Soil Type: Prefers well-drained sandy to loamy soil.
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Watering: Requires regular watering during the initial stages of growth but is drought-tolerant once established.
Additional Information
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Economical Values: Produces durable timber used in construction, furniture, and boat building.
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Medicinal Use: Used in traditional medicine for treating various ailments such as digestive issues, skin diseases, and respiratory problems.
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Food Source: The seeds, known as tropical almonds, are edible and rich in nutrients.
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Ornamental Use: Valued for its attractive foliage and used as an ornamental plant in gardens and urban landscapes.
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Wildlife Significance: The flowers attract various pollinators, including bees and butterflies. Birds feed on the nectar, insects, and seeds found on the tree. The seeds are a nutritious food source for various bird species. The leaves and fruits are consumed by herbivorous mammals such as squirrels and bats.
