Terminalia paniculata, commonly known as Kindal or Flowering Murdah, is a large deciduous tree that can grow up to 30 meters tall. It features a straight trunk with a diameter of about 60 cm. The bark transforms from smooth in youth to rough and dark with maturity. The leaves are simple, alternate, and elliptic to ovate in shape. Small, yellowish-white flowers bloom in clusters, and the fruit is a winged drupe, approximately 3 cm long.
Habitat
Native to the tropical regions of South Asia, particularly India and Myanmar, Terminalia paniculata thrives in moist tropical climates. It’s commonly found in Karnataka and Kerala, India, often along the margins or openings of evergreen and semi-evergreen forests at elevations up to 1,200 meters.
Planting and Care
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Propagation: Propagated through seeds soaked in water overnight to soften the hard outer coating before sowing.
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Soil Type: Prefers well-drained loamy to sandy loam soil.
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Watering: Requires regular watering during initial growth stages but is drought-tolerant once established.
Additional Information
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Economical Values:
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Timber: Durable timber for construction, furniture, and boat building.
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Tannins: Bark and fruits are rich in tannins for leather tanning and dyeing.
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Ornamental Use: Valued for attractive foliage in gardens and urban landscapes.
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Wildlife Significance:
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Food for Insects: Flowers attract pollinators like bees and butterflies.
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Food for Birds: Birds feed on nectar and insects found on the tree.
