Tecomella undulata, commonly known as Desert Teak or Marwar Teak, is a medium-sized deciduous tree that typically grows to a height of 2.5 to 10 meters, with a rounded, open crown. The leaves are narrow, lance-shaped, and have wavy margins, while the tree produces large, showy flowers that are yellow, orange, or red in color. Native to arid and semi-arid regions of Southwest Asia, including eastern Oman, southwest Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and western India, the tree thrives on stabilized sand dunes and can tolerate extreme temperatures and low rainfall.
The Desert Teak tree’s ecological significance extends beyond its physical characteristics, as it provides a valuable source of food and habitat for various wildlife species, including insects, birds, and mammals.
Habitat
Tecomella undulata is native to arid and semi-arid regions of Southwest Asia, including eastern Oman, southwest Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and western India, and thrives on stabilized sand dunes.
Planting and Care
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Propagation: Conventionally propagated through seeds, though natural regeneration is poor due to environmental conditions and seed viability issues.
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Soil Type: Prefers well-drained loamy to sandy loam soil with a pH of 6.5-8.0.
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Watering: Requires minimal watering once established, as it is highly drought-tolerant.
Additional Information
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Economical Values: Produces high-quality timber used in furniture and construction.
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Medicinal Use: Used in traditional medicine for treating liver and spleen diseases, tumors, and various other ailments.
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Ornamental Use: Valued for its attractive flowers and used as an ornamental plant in gardens.
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Wildlife Significance: The flowers attract various pollinators, including bees and butterflies. Birds are attracted to the tree for its nectar-rich flowers and may also feed on insects found on the tree. The leaves and pods are consumed by herbivorous mammals such as goats and camels. The tree serves as a host plant for the larvae of certain butterfly species, providing them with a source of food and habitat.
