Sterculia foetida, commonly known as the Wild Indian Almond, is a large deciduous tree that can grow up to 35 meters tall. It has a smooth, grey bark and branches arranged in whorls that spread horizontally, with palmately compound leaves featuring 7-9 leaflets. The flowers are green or purple, large, and unisexual, appearing in panicles 10-15 cm long, while the fruit consists of 4-5 follicles, each containing 10-15 seeds. The tree is known for its foul-smelling leaves and flowers. Native to tropical regions, including India, Bangladesh, Taiwan, Indochina, the Philippines, Indonesia, Ghana, Australia, Mozambique, and Togo, the tree thrives in tropical climates.
The Wild Indian Almond’s ecological significance extends beyond its physical characteristics, as it provides a valuable food source for various wildlife species, including birds and small mammals. Its flowers attract bees and other pollinators, contributing to its success in its native habitats.
Habitat
Sterculia foetida is native to tropical regions, including India, Bangladesh, Taiwan, Indochina, the Philippines, Indonesia, Ghana, Australia, Mozambique, and Togo, and thrives in tropical climates.
Planting and Care
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Propagation: Through seeds.
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Soil Preference: Prefers well-drained soils. Can tolerate a range of soil types.
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Sunlight and Water: Thrives in full sun. Requires moderate watering, especially during dry periods.
Additional Information
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Economical Values: The oil from the seeds is comparable to sunflower, soybean, and grapeseed oils for biofuel production.
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Edible Seeds: Seeds are edible but should be roasted before consumption due to their purgative properties.
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Medicinal Uses: Various parts of the tree are used in traditional medicine to treat ailments such as skin diseases and digestive disorders.
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Industrial Uses: The oil contains cyclopropene fatty acids, which have potential industrial applications.
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Ornamental Uses: Often planted as an ornamental tree for its unique appearance.
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Wildlife Significance: Attracts pollinators like bees and other pollinators. The seeds provide food for various birds and small mammals.
