Senegalia ferruginea, commonly known as the Rusty Acacia, is a spiny, deciduous tree that typically grows up to 12 meters tall. The trunk is rarely straight for more than 2-3 meters and can reach up to 50 cm in diameter, though it is more commonly around 35 cm. The slender branches are armed with conical spines, and the bole is also armed until it reaches about 15 cm in diameter. The leaves are bipinnate, with small leaflets, and the flowers are small, yellowish-white, and appear in dense clusters. The fruit is a legume, green when young and turning brown as it matures, containing one to two seeds. Native to India, Sri Lanka, and Myanmar, the tree thrives in dry forests and scrublands, often found at elevations from 150 to 1,500 meters.
The Rusty Acacia’s ecological significance extends beyond its physical characteristics, as it provides a valuable food source for various wildlife species, including birds and small mammals. Its flowers attract bees and other pollinators, contributing to its success in its native habitats.
Habitat
Senegalia ferruginea is native to India, Sri Lanka, and Myanmar, and thrives in dry forests and scrublands.
Planting and Care
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Propagation: Through seeds. Seeds should be soaked in hot water to enhance germination.
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Soil Preference: Prefers well-drained, loose, and friable soils. Can tolerate a range of soil types, including shallow stony soils.
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Sunlight and Water: Thrives in full sun. Requires moderate watering, especially during dry periods.
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Drought Resistance: Established plants are very drought-resistant.
Additional Information
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Economical Values: Used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments. Extracts used as astringents and tonics.
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Industrial Uses: Produces gum and tannins used in dyeing and leather tanning.
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Wildlife Significance: Attracts pollinators like bees and other pollinators. The tree provides food for various birds and small mammals.
