Vitex negundo, commonly known as the Chinese Chaste Tree, Five-leaved Chaste Tree, or Horseshoe Vitex, is a large aromatic shrub or small tree that can grow from 2 to 8 meters in height. It features quadrangular, densely whitish, tomentose branchlets. The leaves are digitate, typically with five lanceolate leaflets, sometimes three. Each leaflet is around 4 to 10 cm in length, with the central leaflet being the largest. The numerous flowers are borne in panicles, ranging from white to blue in color, and the fruit is a succulent drupe, black or purple when ripe.
Habitat
Native to tropical Eastern and Southern Africa and Asia, Vitex negundo is commonly found near bodies of water, recently disturbed land, grasslands, and mixed open forests.
Planting and Care
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Propagation: Can be propagated from seeds or cuttings. Seeds should be sown in well-drained soil and kept moist until germination.
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Soil: Prefers fertile, well-drained soil but can tolerate a range of soil types.
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Watering: Requires regular watering, especially during dry periods, but is relatively drought-tolerant once established.
Additional Information
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Economical Values:
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Medicinal Uses: Various parts of the plant are used in traditional medicine to treat ailments such as asthma, cough, fever, and skin diseases.
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Edible Uses: The seeds can be used as a condiment, similar to pepper, and can also be ground into a powder and used like flour. Tea is made from the roots and leaves.
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Ornamental: Due to its attractive flowers and foliage, Vitex negundo is also planted as an ornamental shrub or small tree in gardens and parks.
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Wildlife Significance:
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Habitat: Provides shelter and nesting sites for various bird species.
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Food Source: The fruits are consumed by birds and small mammals.
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