Salvadora oleoides, commonly known as the Large Toothbrush Tree, is a small to medium-sized evergreen tree that typically grows up to 10 meters in height. The leaves are simple, alternate, and linear to ovate-lanceolate, measuring 3-7 cm in length, with a leathery and somewhat fleshy texture, dark green when young, turning grey as they mature. The flowers are small, greenish-white, and appear in clusters, while the fruit is a small, round drupe, turning black when ripe. Native to South Asia, including India, Pakistan, and southern Iran, the tree thrives in dry and arid regions, and is well-adapted to saline and alkaline soils, often seen in sandy and rocky habitats.
The Large Toothbrush Tree’s ecological significance extends beyond its physical characteristics, as it provides a valuable food source for various wildlife species, including pollinators, birds, and small mammals. Its flowers attract pollinators like bees and butterflies, while its fruits are consumed by birds and small mammals, contributing to its success in its native habitats.
Habitat
Salvadora oleoides is native to South Asia, including India, Pakistan, and southern Iran, and thrives in dry and arid regions, often seen in sandy and rocky habitats.
Planting and Care
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Propagation: The tree can be propagated by seeds, which germinate within a few weeks under optimal conditions.
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Soil: Prefers well-drained, fertile soil.
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Watering: Requires regular watering, especially during dry periods.
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Sunlight: Thrives in full sun.
Additional Information
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Economic Value: The wood is used for making small tools and handicrafts. It is also used as fuelwood.
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Medicinal Uses: Various parts of the plant are used in traditional medicine to treat ailments like fever, rheumatism, and skin diseases. The roots and stems possess antimicrobial properties and are traditionally used as natural toothbrushes.
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Environmental Benefits: Often planted for soil stabilization in arid regions. Helps in improving wildlife habitats by providing shelter and food sources.
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Wildlife Significance: Flowers attract pollinators like bees and butterflies. Fruits are consumed by birds and small mammals.
