Salix tetrasperma, commonly known as the Indian Willow, is a medium-sized deciduous tree that typically grows in wet and swampy areas, reaching heights of up to 25 meters. The leaves are lance-shaped, 8-15 cm long, with finely toothed edges, while the tree produces sweet-scented catkins, which are the flowering spikes. Male catkins are 5-10 cm long, while female catkins are 8-12 cm long. The fruit is a capsule that contains seeds grouped in clusters of three to four. Native to South and Southeast Asia, the tree thrives in wet habitats such as riverbanks, streamsides, and the edges of lakes and ponds.
The Indian Willow’s ecological significance extends beyond its physical characteristics, as it provides a valuable habitat and food source for various wildlife species. Its dense foliage offers nesting sites for birds, while its flowers attract pollinators like bees and butterflies. The tree’s ability to grow in wet areas makes it an important component of these ecosystems.
Habitat
Salix tetrasperma is native to South and Southeast Asia, including countries like India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Laos, and Thailand, and thrives in wet habitats such as riverbanks, streamsides, and the edges of lakes and ponds.
Planting and Care
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Propagation: The tree can be propagated by seeds, which germinate within a few weeks under optimal conditions, and by cuttings.
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Soil: Prefers moist, well-drained soil.
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Watering: Requires regular watering, especially during dry periods.
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Sunlight: Thrives in full sun.
Additional Information
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Economic Value: The wood is used for making small tools, handicrafts, and as fuelwood. It is also used in basketry due to its flexible stems.
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Medicinal Uses: The bark and leaves have traditional medicinal uses, including treatments for inflammation, pain relief, and fever.
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Environmental Benefits: Often planted for soil stabilization along riverbanks and embankments. Helps in improving wildlife habitats by providing shelter and food sources.
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Wildlife Significance: The dense foliage offers nesting sites for birds. Flowers attract pollinators like bees and butterflies.
