Strychnos nux-vomica, commonly known as the strychnine tree or poison nut, is a medium-sized deciduous tree with a short, thick trunk and a dense, rounded crown. The leaves are shiny, dark green, and oval-shaped, while the tree produces small, greenish-white flowers and round, orange-red fruits that contain hard seeds. Native to Southeast Asia, including India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Indonesia, the tree grows in tropical and subtropical regions.
The strychnine tree’s ecological significance extends beyond its physical characteristics, as it provides a valuable habitat and food source for various wildlife species, including birds and small animals. However, the seeds are highly toxic and not suitable for consumption by most wildlife.
Habitat
Strychnos nux-vomica is native to Southeast Asia, including India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Indonesia, and grows in tropical and subtropical regions.
Planting and Care
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Propagation: Can be propagated through seeds or cuttings.
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Soil: Prefers well-drained, fertile soil but can tolerate a range of soil types.
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Watering: Requires moderate watering; avoid waterlogging.
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Sunlight: Thrives in full sun to partial shade.
Additional Information
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Economical Values: Used in traditional medicine for its stimulant and tonic properties, though it must be used with caution due to its toxicity.
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Pesticides: The seeds are used to produce strychnine, a potent pesticide.
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Ornamental: Sometimes planted as an ornamental tree in gardens and parks for its aesthetic appeal.
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Wildlife Significance: Provides shelter and nesting sites for various birds and small animals. The fruits are consumed by some wildlife, although the seeds are highly toxic. Acts as a host plant for certain insects and contributes to the biodiversity of its habitat.
